Sumatra PDF

SumatraPDF, also known as Sumatra, is an open source PDF reader for Microsoft Windows only. The program also opens Open XML Paper Specification, DjVu, EPUB, XPS, CHM, CB7 CBR CBT CBZ,MOBI and PRC files. It is written primarily by two contributors:^[1] zeniko and Krzysztof Kowalczyk^[2]

Contents

  [hide] 

• 1 Features
• 2 Development
• 3 History
• 4 Name and artwork
• 5 Critical reception
• 6 See also
• 7 References
• 8 External links

Features[edit]

Sumatra has a minimalistic design, with its simplicity attained at the expense of extensive features. For rendering PDFs it uses the MuPDF library.

Sumatra was designed for portable use, as it consists of one single file with no external dependencies, making it usable from an external USB drive.^[3] This classifies it as a portable application.^[2]

As is characteristic of many portable applications, Sumatra takes up little disk space.^[2] In 2009, Sumatra 1.0 had a 1.21 MB setup file^[4], compared to Adobe Reader 9.5's 32 MB.^[5] The installed size is 8.2 MB, whereas Adobe Reader XI requires 320 MB of available disk space.^[6]

When re-opening a document, the rotation, zoom, window size, page, etc. are remembered from the last time that document was opened, making it behave more like an e-book reader than some other PDF viewers.^{[citation needed]}

Sumatra does not lock the PDF file. Without closing the PDF file, a user can save over the PDF and then press the R key to refresh the PDF document. For example, a PDFTeX user could find this feature useful when, after recompiling the altered TeX source code, simply pressing 'R' and view the altered document.^{[citation needed]}

The PDF format's usage restrictions were implemented in Sumatra 0.6,^[7] preventing users from printing or copying from documents that the document author restricts, a form of Digital Rights Management. Kowalczyk stated "I decided that [Sumatra] will honor PDF creator's wishes".^[8][9][10] Other open source readers like Okular and Evince make this optional, and Debian patches software to remove these restrictions, in accordance with the open source principles of interoperability and reuse.^[11]

Up to Sumatra 1.1, printing was achieved by transforming each PDF page into a bitmap image. This resulted in very large spool files and potentially slow printing.^[12][13]

Since Sumatra 0.9.1, hyperlinks embedded in PDF documents have also been supported.^[7]

Sumatra is multilingual, with 69 community-contributed translations.^[14]

Sumatra supports SyncTeX, a bidirectional method for synchronizing TeX source and PDF output produced by pdfTeX or XeTeX.

Since version 0.9.4, Sumatra supports the JPEG 2000 format.

Development[edit]

SumatraPDF is written in the C++ programming language (some components it uses are written in the C programming language) and the source code is provided with support for Microsoft Visual Studio.^[15]

As it was first designed when Windows XP was the current version of Windows, Sumatra initially had some incompatibility issues with earlier versions of Windows. Support for Windows 95, 98 and Me has since been dropped completely.^[16]

Kowalczyk has not released a 64-bit version of Sumatra, indicating that while it might offer slightly more speed and more memory available, he believes it would greatly add to user confusion and that the benefits would not outweigh the potential costs.^[17] However, some users have requested 64-bit builds of Sumatra and other developers have compiled unofficial 64-bit builds of Sumatra^[18] which load documents faster than the 32-bit builds. However, the official builds' developer has requested that unofficial builds must not bear the 'Sumatra' name.^[19]

The source code can be downloaded either via its Subversion development repository or as a tarball.^[20][21]

The Sumatra source code is hosted on Google Code and because of US export legal restrictions is thus not available "in countries on the United States Office of Foreign Assets Control sanction list, including Cuba, Iran, North Korea, Sudan and Syria."^[22][23]

History[edit]

The first version of Sumatra PDF, designated version 0.1, was based on Xpdf 0.2 and was released on 1 June 2006. It switched to Poppler from version 0.2. In version 0.4 it changed to MuPDF because of speed improvement^[24] and better support for the Windows platform, since Poppler decided to focus on integration with Unix platforms^{[citation needed]}. Poppler remained as alternative engine for a while, and from version 0.6 to 0.8 it was automatically used to render pages that MuPDF failed to load. Poppler was removed in version 0.9, released on 10 August 2008.

Version 1.0 was released on 17 November 2009 after more than three years of cumulative development, and version 2.0 was released on 2 April 2012, over two years after the release of version 1.0.^[7]

The first unofficial translations were released in 2007 by Lars Wohlfahrt^[25] before Sumatra PDF got official multi-language support.

Name and artwork[edit]

Early Logo

The author has indicated that the choice of the name “Sumatra” is not a tribute to the Sumatra island or coffee, stating that there is no particular reasoning behind the name.^[26]

The graphics design of Sumatra is a tribute to the cover of the Watchmen graphic novel by Alan Moore and Dave Gibbons.^[27]

Critical reception[edit]

Sumatra has attracted acclaim for its speed and simplicity,^[28] its keyboard shortcuts and its open source development.^[27]

At one time the Free Software Foundation Europe recommended Sumatra PDF, but removed its recommendation in February 2014, due to the presence of the non-freely licensed unrar code in Sumatra. Free Software Foundation Europe representative Heiki Ojasild explained, "while they continue to make use of the non-free library, SumatraPDF cannot be recognised as Free Software".^{[29][30][31][32]} Unrar was eventually replaced with a free alternative in version 3.0, making it 100% free software.^[33]

See also[edit]

• List of PDF software
• List of portable software

References[edit]

1.  https://code.google.com/p/sumatrapdf/

External links[edit]

• http://blog.kowalczyk.info/software/sumatrapdf/

external links
http://blog.kowalczyk.info/software/sumatrapdf/download-free-pdf-viewer.html
http://blog.kowalczyk.info/software/sumatrapdf/free-pdf-reader.html

How can blocking dynamic IP addresses prevent legitimate orders?

How can blocking dynamic IP addresses prevent legitimate orders?

The following graphics demonstrate how blocking a dynamically assigned IP address may block legitimate orders.

1. Users of a certain Internet Service Provider are assigned IP addresses as they log in to their provider.

2. A fraudster from a certain IP address places one or more fraudulent orders with a merchant.

3. The merchant, seeing that the order(s) are fraudulent, blocks the IP address.

4. A legitimate user is assigned the now blocked IP address by their ISP. The legitimate user is prevented from entering checkout because their order is originating from a blocked IP address.

Note: Yahoo provides the IP address blocking feature as is and without warranty of any kind to AT&T Yahoo Merchant Solutions and Store merchants to be used at the merchants' discretion. Merchants should carefully review the Reverse DNS Lookup information provided before blocking any IP address, as IP addresses may be dynamically assigned to users by certain Internet Service Providers possibly blocking legitimate buyers and not ensuring the fraudster is blocked from ordering. Also, as IP addresses may be falsified, merchants are advised to use AVS and CVV responses to determine which orders to approve, reject, or follow up with the issuing bank. retrieved from yahoo website http://help.yahoo.com/l/us/att/smallbusiness/store/risk/risk-28.html

Dynamic IP vs Static IP

While I was on the look up of an ip address to check on this guy where I was downloading his slow files, question about why do I need an static ip and not a dynamic, what are they difference between them?which provide the best file sharing and so on,

Static IP addressing is for one customer on one IP address and Dynamic IP addressing assigns a different IP address each time the ISP customer logs on to their computer, but this is dependent upon the Internet Service Provider (ISP) because some ISP's only change the IP address as they deem it necessary.

If you have Dynamic IP Addressing through your Website Host it means that you are sharing an IP Address with several other customers.

If you are a beginner on the internet, an avid internet user, are entertaining the thought of starting your own website business, are a gamer, use VOIP or VPN there are several things you should know about IP Addressing.

Static IP Addressing

If you feel the need to always know what your IP address is then you need a Static IP address, because it is constant. Static IP addresses are more reliable for Voice over Internet Protocol (VOIP), more reliable to host a gaming website or to play X-Box, Play Station, use Virtual Private Network for secure access to files from your company network computer, etc. Static IP addresses are also great if you use your computer as a server, as it should give your file server faster file uploads and downloads. Another plus with Static IP's, when hosting a website you are not sharing your IP with another company who sends out a lot of E-mail SPAM and not only has their website been shut down but in turn gets your IP address blacklisted.

In contrast a static IP address can become a security risk, because the address is always the same. Static IP's are easier to track for data mining companies. Static IP addressing is less cost effective than Dynamic IP Addressing.

Dynamic IP Addressing

The biggest advantages of Dynamic IP Addressing are less security risk as the computer is assigned a new IP address each time the customer logs on, they are cost effective and there is automatic network configuration (the less human intervention with network configuration the better). Dynamic addressing is usually used by ISP's so that one IP address can be assigned to several users, however some ISP's use Sticky Dynamic IP Addressing and do not change the IP address very often. Dynamic IP Addressing can be used by families with several computers or by a small business owner who has a home office. The software that comes with a router allows for Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol (DHCP) setup and assigns each computer attached to the router an IP address automatically.

In contrast, Dynamic IP addressing should not be used for VOIP, VPN, playing online games or game hosting because Dynamic IP addressing is less reliable then Static IP addressing and could cause the service to disconnect while you are on a VOIP, VPN or gaming.

Related Articles

• What is DHCP?
• What is a IP address?

Retrieved from url

http://whatismyipaddress.com/dynamic-static

Realistic 3D pictures

Art attack! (Picture: WENN.com)

Alison Lynch for Metro.co.ukWednesday 26 Nov 2014 2:26 pm

Ramon Bruin’s sketches really leap off the page.

Mostly because the Dutch artist, who’s largely self-taught, specialises in 3D optical illusion drawings.

Blurring the line between art and reality, Bruin uses a trompe l’oeil effect to make his sketches really pop.

Butterflies flutter off the page, buildings stand several stories tall and Great White sharks circle menacingly on the sketch pad.

To bring the drawings to life, he uses shading techniques and then photographs them from just the right angle. Thereby creating his signature optical illusion effect. He sometimes adds props like pencils into the composition to further blue the lines.

Bruin’s 3D drawings have been making ripples in the industry since he broke through with his optical illuson style in 2012 (Picture: WENN.com)

What, this old thing? (Picture: Wenn.com)

A boat setting sail from his desk (Picture: WENN.com)

He uses a combination of graphite and colored pencils, ink and acrylics for his drawings.

And now he’s experimenting with a new style – multi-layered illusion. Here, he draws on multiple sheets of paper to create a layered 3D effect. Which means he can draw buildings rising up from the page.

Using his new multi-layered technique, he creates a multi-story factory (Picture: Wenn.com)

Save yourself Lego man (Picture: WENN.com)

Ramon said: ‘My wife thinks my artwork is very impressive. She sees me working but it is still hard for her to distinguish whether what I have on the paper is drawn or real.’

Fine if it’s a tiny boat. Slightly disconcerting if it’s a Great White shark circling on your dining room table.

Ramon can even fall out with himself (Picture: Wenn.com)

NASA Employee Says She Saw Humans Walking On Mars In 1979

By Afza Fathima | November 26, 2014 8:00 PM EST

A woman named "Jackie," who claims to be a former NASA employee, called Coast to Coast AM in the U.S. She claimed she had seen evidence of two human figures walking towards the Viking lander on Mars in 1979.

The "former NASA employee" asked the radio show presenter to solve a 27-year-old mystery for her. She claimed she had worked for NASA and that her job was to handle the downlink telemetry from the lander. The Viking lander was the first vehicle to send back pictures of the surface of the Red Planet.

She said that while she was working, she saw two people walking across the Martian surface. She continued that she and six colleagues were watching the footage of the Viking rover moving around on multiple screens when she noticed two men in spacesuits walking to the Viking Explorer from the horizon. She added the men's suits looked protective but unlike what astronauts wore.

The "former NASA employee" said she and her colleagues were maintaining the equipment when suddenly the video feed got cut off. She went on to say that when they ran upstairs, they found the door was locked and paper was taped over the door so nothing could be seen. She posed a question to the radio presenter asking whether or not the two men she saw were guys from NASA. The agency has yet to comment on the claim.

Blogs that report on UFO and conspiracy theories have backed the "former NASA employee." They claimed humans had been on Mars to polish off the lander's solar panels.Metro.co.uk wrote that this seemed off because if the humans were there, they could have filled petrol into the lander or take photos themselves. A few other conspiracy theorists claimed that in the sixties, there were secret landings on Mars. They further claimed that the Apollo landings were a cover-up for wider exploration of the solar system.

An audio recording, titled "NASA Worker Sees Men Walking Over To Viking Lander On Mars", was posted on YouTube by YouTube channel Starman Chronicles. The video has managed to get more than 11,000 views and about 16 comments as of this writing. Listen to the audio recording below:

retrived from 

http://au.ibtimes.com/articles/574079/20141126/woman-former-nasa-employee-humans-mars-1979.org#.VHaHdjHF_uw
https://metro.co.uk/2014/11/25/nasa-worker-claims-to-have-seen-humans-walking-on-mars-in-1979-4961608/

Cat3 vs Cat5 vs Cat7

CAT3 vs. CAT5 vs. CAT5e vs. CAT6 vs. CAT6e vs. CAT6a vs. CAT7

While the consumer electronics keep going increasingly wireless, many LANs still rely heavily on CAT cables to handle all the heavy lifting when it comes to transmitting data. To begin with, all Ethernet cables are of two key varieties i.e. UTP (unshielded twisted pair) or STP (Shielded twisted pair) variety. They all have the same construction structure, but vary a great deal as far as transmission frequency and throughput are concerned.

However, some terms need to be defined before any meaningful comparison can be presented:

How to interpret Ethernet cable Speed?

• 10 Mbps = 1.2 MB / s i.e. 1 hour to download a DVD (4.5 GB)
• 100 Mbps = 12 MB/s i.e.  1 hour to download 10 DVDs (assuming 4.5 GB average)
• 1.0 Gbps = 125 MB/s i.e. 1 hour to download 100 DVDs (assuming 4.5 GB average)
• 10 Gbps = 1.25 Gbps i.e. 1 hour to download 1000 DVDs (assuming 4.5 GB average)

What is Frequency?

Imagine you can only drive two cars, one passenger each, at a given time on a highway in each of the two lanes. Now you would be able to transfer more people over the same highway if you can drive the same two cars 500 trips per day compared to 250 trips per day.

Now imagine the same analogy but replace cars with bits of data. So if you can only drive two bits on a given data-line then 100 Mhz (or 100 million cycles per second) will give more bandwidth (i.e. ability to transfer data over the same line) then 50 Mhz (or 50 Million cycles per second).

CAT3

The Category 3 or CAT3 standard was used heavily in the early 90′s for wiring offices and homes. It’s still used in two-line phone configurations, but has largely fallen out of favor for wired networking thanks to the Category 5e cable’s superior performance. CAT3 can be relied on to handle data speeds of up to 10 Mbps, but no more. Its maximum frequency clocks in at 16 MHz. Like many other cabling options, it relies on copper for data and power transmission. While theoretically limited to 10BASE-T Ethernet, it can actually support 100BASE-T4 speeds by using 4 wires instead of 2 to achieve 100 Mbps throughput.

CAT5

CAT5 Cutout

Around 2000 or so, CAT5 overtook CAT3 as the Ethernet cable of choice for LAN networking. CAT5 uses either the 10BASE-T or 100BASE-T standard for data transmission. Using two cable pairs to signal over copper wire, CAT5 is now largely archaic and isn’t widely used for Ethernet connections. It’s rated for a maximum frequency of 100 MHz and top speeds of 100 Mbps. CAT5 uses 8P8C modular connectors to connect devices together, and can be used effectively at lengths of up to 100 meters. Today, CAT5 cable has been replaced for the most part by CAT5e.

CAT5e

Shielded Twisted Pair

While very similar to CAT5 in appearance, CAT5e introduces some new wrinkles in the equation. For one thing, CAT5e uses four pairs of copper wire rather than the two that CAT5 relies on. In addition, the wire pairs are twisted more tightly and are sheathed in heavy-duty shielding to eliminate crosstalk. Crosstalk cuts down on the speed at which a cable can transmit information. Thanks to its internal upgrades, CAT5e is capable of achieving 1000BASE-T speeds. In other words, it can handle up to 1 Gbps of throughput at a distance of up to 100 meters. As of today, it’s the most common type of cabling found in modern homes and offices for Ethernet purposes.

CAT6

Compare the Twists per Inch for CAT5 and CAT6e Cable

For back-end, high-capacity networking, CAT6 supports Gigabit Ethernet needs. Supporting frequencies of up to 250 MHz and the 10BASE-T, 100BASE-TX, 1000BASE-T, and 10GBASE-T standards, it can handle up to 10 Gbps in terms of throughput. Thanks to better cable insulation, CAT6 reduces potential crosstalk even more so than CAT5e. When used for Gigabit Ethernet and below, the maximum allowable cable length is 100 meters. For 10GBASE-T speeds, the maximum cable length is 55 meters. The one major caveat of CAT6 cables is that installation can be tricky, as compatibility with 8P8C requires the use of special adapter pieces for optimal performance.

CAT6e or Enhanced CAT6

These are an enhancement on the standard CAT6 cables, as they perform much better when installed in an environment with high noise or RF interference. While better than CAT6, they are not as good as the CAT6a or CAT6 Augmented standard cables.

CAT6 Section View

Disassembled CAT6e Cable

CAT6a

CAT5 CAT6 CAT3 Comparison

If you’re wiring up your home or office for Ethernet for the long haul, CAT6a is the perfect choice in terms of future-proofing. When it comes to A/V protocols, CAT6a is supposed to replace HDMI in the coming years. The main difference between CAT6a and CAT6 is that CAT6a can operate at a frequency of up to 750 MHz. In addition, CAT6a is even less susceptible to interference and crosstalk. The improved specification and shielding allows CAT6a to provide more consistently reliable speeds in difficult environments. Thanks to its performance and stability, CAT6a is the preferred cable for 10GBASE-T Ethernet.

Cat 7 and Beyond

The list of Ethernet options doesn’t stop at CAT6a. There’s also a version called CAT7 that’s even more capable than all of the TP cable variants listed above. CAT7, also known as Class F cable, supports transmission frequencies of up to 600 MHz. It supports 10GBASE-T Ethernet over a full 100 meters, and it features improved crosstalk noise reduction. While CAT6e is the current standard when it comes to 10GBASE-T, it will inevitably be replaced with CAT7. Nobody knows what the future holds for Ethernet cables or what will come next in terms of format or performance. No matter what happens, expect faster and faster cables with each passing year as the technology and protocols that support Ethernet continue to improve. Finally, one thing to always keep in mind is that any custom cable can be built to suit the application on any project.

UTP and STP Comparison Chart

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retrieved from url
http://customcable.ca/cat5-vs-cat6/

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