Tuesday, April 23, 2013

When Champions Collide Part 1 (A92)


Here is Alekhine playing Capablanca at St Petersburg 1914:
Five world champions played at the Nottingham International Tnmt in 1936! They were ex-champs Dr Lasker, J R Capablanca A. Alekhine, current champ Dr Euwe and future champ Botvinnik. There was bad blood between Capa and Alekhine because Alekhine never granted Capa a rematch, although some sources state Capa never really wanted one. Anyway, this was their first game after the Championship Match of 1927 and once again Alekhine's tnmt score vs the great Cuban included only draws and losses (he only beat Capa in one tnmt game ever). Finally, their game included a very tense and unusual situation in which Alekhine plotted to win a double exchange (ie 2 Rooks for 2 minor pieces) but instead ended up with 2 Rooks vs 3 minor pieces and a pawn - and a quick rout as well. (Note: remarks and notes that appear disjointed ie are not followed by moves or analysis refer to variations given in the game score as alternatives to the moves actually played)


The First Honest Cable Company


Monday, April 22, 2013

The Childhood of Russian Chess



Mikhail Tschigorin is often cited as being the Father of Russian Chess. While, indeed, he was the greatest Russian player of the 19th century, he might be better considered, with his Romantic style, the apex of Russian Chess' adolescence. 
Ivan Alexandrovich Butrimov, Alexander Dmitrievich Petroff  and Major Carl F. Jaenisch could be thought of as the birth of Russian Chess while the Soviet School might be the mature adulthood of Russian Chess.
This series will try to examine Russian Chess' Childhood, the time between Petroff's early contributions and Tschigorin's later accomplishments.
In 1837 the players in the city of St. Petersburg were meeting at the apartment of A.D. Petroffin the Kolomna area that city .  This included not just dedicated players such as Ivan Butrimov and Carl Jaenisch, but literary types such as the playwright Alexander Danilovichem Kopyev also.  Petoff moved to Warsaw in 1840 and the chess circle dissolved.
On March 27, 1853 the St. Petersburg Society of Chess Amateurs, sometimes translated as the Chess-lovers Society, was founded in the home of Count Alexander Grigorievich Kushelev-Bezborodko at 1-3 Gagarinskaya Street. 
An 1853 edition of Vedomosti (the Record) said: "On March 27 at 8 pm at the home of Count Alexander Gregorievich Kushelev-Bezborodko the opening ceremony  of the newly founded Society of Chess was performed with governmental permission." It was charted in 1854, becoming the first organized chess club in Russia,one year prior to the Count's death.  The difference between it's founding date and charter date can be attributed to the political climate of the time. 
While the government was petitioned to allow the charter of such a group (the petition was sent by Count Kushelev-Bezborodko, Major C. F. Jaenisch and two influential parties - which is possibly the only reason it was eventually approved), it took amost a year to receive the approval.  The Chess Society, with its annual dues of 15 rubles in silver, was a congress of very wealthy, influential men. Although it peaked at 50 members, by 1860 it inexplicably dissolved for lack of funds.  
The Count's son, Grigory Alexandrovich Kushelev-BezborodkoIlya reorganized the society which then was meeting first at the Hotel Demuth, an extravagant building at the junction of an equally extravagant street, Nevsy Prospekt, and the Moika Canal.  Then the club rented rooms from January-May 1862 at the house of the Eliseev brothers (Grigory and Stepan) also located on Nevsky Prospekt.  The club had been chartered in 1854  just one year prior to the Count's death.  It became the first official chess club in Russia. Petroff, himself, traveled from Warsaw to attend its inaugural meeting, signifying it's importance.  Among the members were  Petoff, of course, Ilya Stepanovich Shumov,  Dmitri Semenovich Urusov, Sergei SemenovichUrusov (brother of, and a more accompished chess player than, Dmitri) Carl Jaenisch, Viktor Mikailov, the player/chess author Ivan Butrimov,  the revolutionary Nikolay Gavrilovich Chernyshevsky (whose presence there caused the club's demise in 1862, shut down by the police for suspicion of insurrection)  and the chemist Dmitri Ivanovich Mendeleev.  Many dignitaries visited the home for chess (some were probably members) including the authors Ivan Tuegenev, Nikolai Akhsharumov, Leo Tolstoy, Mikhail Yevgrafovich Saltykov-Shchedrin, Dimitri Ivanovich Pisarev and Ivan Ivanovich Panaev, the poet Nikolay Alexeyevich Nekrasov,  the composer Léon Fyodorovich Minkus, the Minister of War Prince Vasily Andreevich Dolgorukov and Ignatz Kolisch, former secretary to Prince Sergei Urusov .   
Some of the members and visitors were government spies. Nicholas I came into power in December 1825. At the beginning of his reign there was an attempt to overthrow him called forever the Decembrist Revolt.  Although he rather quickly supressed the revolt, one result was that Nicholas regime became a repressive one, replete with spies and oppressive laws.  Gatherings of artists, musicians, writers and now even chess players (usually the groups were mixed) became targets for this oppression and the Society of Chess Amateurs was no exception.  One particular habitué, Nikolay Chernyshevsky was arrested in 1862 and incarcerated in the Fortress of St. Peter and Paul, after which he was exiled to Siberia.  The Chess club was shut down.  

The Society had organized the first tournament played in St. Petersburg, won by I. S. Shumov.   Grigor A. Kushelev-Bezborodko also published the Shakhmatny Listok (the first chess periodial in Russia) which was edited by Viktor Mikailov.


Count Alexander Kushelev-Bezborodko's house at 1-3 Gagarinskaya Street
In 2010 the palace sold for 740 million rubles.



The Maison of the Brothers Eliseev, 1830




Grigory Kushelev-BezborodkoIlya                    Count Alexander Kushelev-BezborodkoIlya



  Sergei Semenovich Urusov                                            Dmitri Semenovich Urusov

Carl Friedrich Andreyevich Jaenisch                                                Ilya Stepanovich Shumov          


Russian chess at that time followed the Italian rules which allowed free castling and passar battaglia(the disallowing of en passant).  While the club charter of 1854 followed Jaenish's old-school preference for the Italian rules, the new charter of 1857 allowed for en passant.  That the Russians followed the Italian rules (which still existed up to 1881 when the 3rd Italian Chess Congress played in Milan used standard rules ) isn't strange since the Russians had close ties with the Italian chess scene at the time. While Serafino Dubois, the great Italian master of that time, doesn't seem to have ever visited St. Petersburg, several Russian players visited Rome (including Turgenev, Akhsharumov, Mikilov and and Kushelev-Bezborodko whose game is shown below) and played with Dubois. Jaenish had frequent correspondence with Dubois concerning the standardization of chess rules.



Here is a match game between Prince Sergey Urusov and Ignatz Kolisch shortly before the club was closed. The match result was spit 2-2.  Kolisch also played Shumov and beat him 6-2.  Shumov's one win, a stodgy defense against the Evans Gambit follows.
[Oddly, chessgames.com gives 8 games of Kolisch vs. Shimov.  The St. Petersburg match is the only contest the two players had to which I could find any reference.  If the games at chessgames.com are all the match games, they show Kolisch winning the match 7-1.  Rod Edwards of Edo Historic Chess Ratings helped me look into this.  He found a news item given by Herr Lowenthal in his chess column in the Era in Sept. 21, 1862 that confirms the match went 6-2 in Kolisch's favor.]




Chess Player's Chronicle,  vol. 14, 1854

CHESS SOCIETY IN ST. PETERSBURG!!.

The establishment of a Chess Society, or, as we should call it, "a Chess Club," in the capital of the Russian Empire, is an event of far more importance than the mere fact would seem to indicate.

In this country the circumstance of a number of noblemen or gentlemen forming themselves into a club for the purpose of enjoying any particular amusement, whether sedentary or athletic, intellectual or physical, is a matter of trifling moment to any but the parties immediately concerned; but in Russia the case is widely different; there, no "Societies" or " Institutions" of any kind are allowed to exist, except by the especial permission of the Government itself, and hitherto this permission has been rigorously withheld in almost every case where application has been made, and interest used, for the establishment of a society, no matter what the object of it may have been. It is gratifying to find that at length there is some relaxation in the severity of precaution which has always been exhibited upon this peculiar point, and we cannot help thinking that the first remission being in favour of a pastime so thoughtful, so suggestive, and, we may add, so eminently scientific in its character, is honourable to the Emperor, and a high compliment to the game.

The club in question is entitled "Societe Des Amateurs d'Echecs de St. Petersburgh," and iscomposed of the first nobility of the Empire. At the official inauguration (which took place on the 8th ult. in one of the salons of the Count Korecheloff-Besborodko's spacious mansion), in accordance with the statute of the Institution, approved by Government, the meeting proceeded to elect three directors for the year, and a perpetual Secretary. The Directors chosen were—

1st. The Baron de Meyendorf (Aide-de-Camp General of his Majesty the Emperor).
2nd. Lieut.-General de Kluepfell.
3rd. Le Comte General Korecheloff-Besborodko (Senator). Perpetual Secretary, Mr. C. F. deJaenisch (Conseillor de la Cour Imperiale, &c.)

Under such auspices, there can be no doubt of this Society becoming the most brilliant of its kind ever known. Upwards of one hundred of the most distinguished names of the Empire were enrolled within the first few days. Among them we observe—

Aides-de-Camp General Annenkoff and Filosofoff.
General of Artillery, Baron Korff.
Lieut.-General Baron Rosen.
Mouravieff and Bakhtin, Members of the Council of the Empire.
General Prince Dolgorouki.
Baron P. de Frederiks.
Besides a host of other elevated functionaries.

At a subsequent meeting of the club, Field Marshal Prince Paskevitch (an enthusiastic amateur of Chess), and Mr. Petroff, the distinguished Russian player, were unanimously elected Honorary Members. The election of foreign Honorary Members, the choice of whom will be scrupulously select, is deferred until the autumn.

It is much to the credit of this newly-formed and eminently aristocratic coterie, that one of their first measures was to grapple with a difficulty the evasion of which has been a standing reproach to the Chess-players of Europe for the last half century. We allude to the anomalies and absurdities so long permitted to disfigure and render ridiculous the "Laws of Chess." At a meeting held by the members for the purpose of considering the present state of the laws and rules of the game, it was resolved that the Secretary, M. C. F. de Jaenisch, be requested to draw up a new code of "Laws" for the use of the Society. The task could certainly have been intrusted to no better hands. Profoundly versed in all that relates to the practice and theory of Chess, and conversant almost above all other men with its History and Literature, M. Jaenisch, there can be little question, will produce a digest of the Rules of Chess which will win the sanction and become the guide, not only of his own countrymen, but of Chess-players generally throughout the world.

ELDERLY ARE 12 TIMES MORE LIKELY TO DIE OF DENGUE


Juliana Conte
iStock_000014646405Small_dengue_flubydustSurvey of the Ministry of Health (MOH) released yesterday (10/04/2013) shows that people over 60 are 12 times more likely to die of  dengue than those of other age groups. The elderly represent 42% of all deaths recorded in the first three months of this year (132). Because of this, the ministry recommends that these people straightaway seek health services so that the first signs of the disease are fever, headache - sometimes more localized behind the eyes - and joint pains.
According to a folder, the reason for this increased risk is not yet completely understood, but may be related to the higher prevalence in this age group, chronic diseases such as heart disease and diabetes.
The ministry also noted that patients with suspected dengue fever should not take medicines containing acetylsalicylic acid in its composition, as Aspirin. The recommendation is that the person take plenty of water, juices and coconut water to hydrate.
Balance
In the first three months of this year, ten Brazilian states showed a high incidence of dengue and concentrated 74.5% of the cases reported in the country. From January 1 to March 30, the states of Rondônia, Acre, Amazonas, Tocantins, Minas Gerais, Espírito Santo, Rio de Janeiro, Paraná, Mato Grosso do Sul, Mato Grosso and Goiás recorded indices ranging from 304.9 to 3105 cases per 100 000 inhabitants. The MS considers three levels in dengue: low (up to 100 cases per 100 000 inhabitants), medium (101-300 cases) and high (above 300). The national average is 368.2 cases per 100 thousand inhabitants.

http://drauziovarella.com.br/noticias/idosos-correm-12-vezes-mais-risco-de-morrer-de-dengue/

Sunday, April 21, 2013

Help for Yahoo Chess Game


Clearing browser's cache and cookies


Description
  • Clearing cookies can fix issues related to: Sign-in problems, like not being able to sign-in, not being able to stay signed-in, and error messages about setting your user cookie.
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Cookies are small pieces of information stored on your computer by your browser to customize what you see on a webpage. The cache is website information that is stored on your computer, so webpages will load faster. Clearing your cache and cookies can help resolve many browser functionality issues.
To set your browser to clear cache and cookies, click the link to locate the instructions for your browser:
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Microsoft Internet Explorer
* IE 7.0:
Operating system:
- Windows XP
  1. Click Tools | Internet Options.
  2. Click the General tab.
  3. Under "Browsing history," click Delete.
  4. Click Delete files and then click Yes to confirm the deletion. 
  5. Click Delete cookies and then click Yes.
  6. Click Close.
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  8. Close and restart your browser.
* IE 8.0 or newer:
Operating systems:
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- IE 9: Windows Vista and 7
- IE 10: Windows 7 and 8
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  3. Check the checkboxes for:
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        Note: For Internet Explorer 9, you can also do shortcut keys (Ctrl+Shift+Del | Clear Now) to pull the clear browsing history pop-up window. 
Mozilla Firefox
* Firefox 3.5 and 3.6
Operating systems:
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- Mac OS X 10.5, 10.6, and 10.7
  1. Choose the menu option for your computer:
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  2. Click the down arrow Firefox down arrow at the left of "Details."
  3. Check to ensure the following checkboxes are checked:
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  4. In the Time range to clear pull-down menu, select Everything.
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        Note: You can also do shortcut keys (Ctrl+Shift+Del | Delete) to pull the clear browsing history pop-up window. 
* Firefox 18 and newer:
Operating systems:
- Windows 2000, XP, Vista, and 7
- Mac OS X 10.5, 10.6, and 10.7
  1. Click Firefox History Clear Recent History.
  2. Click the down arrow Firefox down arrow at the left of "Details."
  3. Check to ensure the following checkboxes are checked:
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  4. In the Time range to clear pull-down menu, select Everything.
  5. Click Clear Now.
  6. Close and restart your browser.
        Note: You can also do shortcut keys (Ctrl+Shift+Del | Delete) to pull the clear browsing history pop-up window.
Apple Safari
Operating systems:
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- Mac Safari 3.5: Mac OS X 10.4.9 or newer
- PC Safari 4 and 5: Windows XP, Vista, or 7
- Mac Safari 4: Mac OS X 10.4, 10.5, and 10.6
- Mac Safari 5: Mac OS X 10.6 and 10.7
  1. Choose the menu option for your computer:
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    • PC: Click Edit Safari Gear Icon | Reset Safari.
  2. Check to ensure the following checkboxes are checked:
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Google Chrome
Operating systems:
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- Mac OS X 10.5, 10.6, and 10.7
  1. Click Tools Google Chrome Wrench Icon | Settings.
  2. Click Settings at the left.
  3. Click Show advance settings link.
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  5. Check to ensure the following checkboxes are checked:
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  6. Click Clear browsing data.
  7. Close and restart your browser.
        Note: You can also do shortcut keys (Ctrl+Shift+Del | Clear browser data) to pull the clear browsing history tab.

Supported Browsers


Description
This article explains which browsers are supported when accessing any Yahoo! property.

Resolution
Yahoo! works best with current versions of Internet Explorer, Firefox, Chrome, and Safari (Mac). Please note that we currently do not support "beta" versions of the browsers. Users of non-supported browsers may find that some functions of Yahoo! do not work properly. We highly recommend downloading a supported browser for the full Yahoo! experience.

If you are unsure of which browser version you have, select your browser's Help | About. A window opens showing your browser's name followed by the version number. Yahoo! supports the following browsers:

Windows
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Mac:
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Note: Although Yahoo! supports all browsers listed above, we always recommend that you upgrade to the latest version for the optimal experience. Two reasons to upgrade:
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You can download the latest versions of each below:
If you already are using the most current version of your browser, then you may need to clear your browser's cache and cookies in order to improve your performance.
Cookies are small pieces of information stored on your computer by your browser to customize what you see on a webpage. The cache is website information that is stored on your computer, so webpages will load faster. Clearing your cache and cookies can help resolve many browser functionality issues when using Yahoo!.

How to turn off browser add-ons and plug-ins


Description
This article explains how to disable (uninstall or turn off) browser add-ons, plug-ins, or third-party browser extensions that customize the functions of a browser and can interfere with the functions of Yahoo! products.

Resolution
Each Web browser comes with optional upgrades or enhancements commonly known as "add-ons" or "plug-ins." Common uses of add-ons and plug-ins include (but aren't limited to) toolbars, news or stock tickers, instant messaging, weather alerts, email alerts, anti-virus/anti-spyware managers, or games. Certain add-ons or plug-ins can potentially cause issues with Yahoo! features.
To find out if an add-on or plug-in is causing your problem, try turning them off using the steps below for your browser:
Note: If you're running a browser other than those listed here and would like more information about turning off add-on or plug-ins, refer to your browser's help file.
Internet Explorer
* Internet Explorer (IE) 6.0 and 7.0:
Operating systems:
- IE 6: Windows 2000 and XP
- IE 7: Windows XP
  1. Close all of your open Internet Explorer browser windows.
  2. Select the Windows Start menu.
  3. Select Settings | Control Panel.
    - The "Control Panel" window opens.
  4. Double-click Internet Options.
    - The "Internet Properties" window opens.
  5. Select the Advanced tab.
  6. Under "Browsing," uncheck the checkbox for Enable third-party Internet browser extensions.
  7. Close and restart your browser.
* IE 8.0:
Operating systems:
- Microsoft Windows XP, Vista, and 7
  1. Select Tools Internet Options.
  2. Select the Advanced tab.
  3. Under "Browsing," uncheck the checkbox for Enable third-party Internet browser extensions.
  4. Click OK.
  5. Close all of your open Internet Explorer browser windows.
  6. Restart your browser.
* IE 9.0:
Operating systems:
- Microsoft Windows Vista and 7
  1. Select Tools Manage Add-ons.
    - A list of enabled add-ons will appear in the list on the right.
  2. Highlight the add-on you wish to disable.
  3. At the bottom of the window, click Disable.
  4. Click OK.
  5. Close all of your open Internet Explorer browser windows.
  6. Restart your browser.
Mozilla Firefox
Operating systems:
- PC Firefox 4.0 and newer: Windows 2000, XP, Vista, and 7
- Mac Firefox 4.0 and newer: Mac OS X 10.5, 10.6, and 10.7
  1. Choose the menu option for your computer:
    - PC: Select Tools Add-ons or Extensions, depending on your version.
    - Mac: Select Firefox Add-ons or Extensions, depending on your version.
    - The "Add-ons Manager" window opens.
  2. Ensure that Extensions is selected.
  3. Disable or uninstall any extensions found here.
  4. Close and restart your browser.
Note: Once a Firefox extension has been uninstalled, you can reinstall it by visiting the Firefox Extension Library.
Apple Safari
* Safari 3.0 and newer:
Operating systems:
- PC Safari 3: Windows XP and Vista
- PC Safari 4 to 5: Windows XP, Vista, and 7
- Mac Safari 3 to 4: Mac OS X 10.4, 10.5, and 10.6
- Mac Safari 5: Mac OS X 10.6 and 10.7
  1. Choose the menu option for your computer:
    - Mac: Select Safari (Gear icon gear icon in newer versions) Preferences.
    - PC: Select Edit or Tools (Gear icon gear icon in newer versions)| Preferences.
  2. Select the Security tab.
  3. Uncheck the checkbox for Enable Plug-Ins.
  4. Click OK.
  5. Close and restart your browser.
Google Chrome
Operating systems:
- Windows XP, Vista, and 7
- Mac OS X 10.5, 10.6, and 10.7
  1. Click the wrench icon (Wrench icon ) the select Settings.
  2. At the bottom of the menu that appears, click Show Advanced Settings.
  3. In the "Privacy" section, click Content settings.
  4. Under "Plug-ins," select Block all.
    Note: To customize permissions for specific websites, click Manage exceptions.
  5. When you are done, close the "Options - Content Settings" tab or window:
    - PC: Click OK to close the window.
    - Mac OSX or Chromebook: Clicking the X that displays on the tab.
  6. Close and restart your browser.

How to check if your browser is automatically clearing cookies


Description
Automatically clearing cookies can cause issues related to Sign-in problems (like not being able to sign-in or not being able to stay signed-in) and error messages about setting your user cookie.

Resolution
Cookies are small pieces of information stored on your computer by your browser to customize what you see on a webpage. If your browser is automatically clearing cookies, it can cause problems with how Yahoo! sites function. You can check to see if cookies are being automatically cleared by your browser using the steps below:
Microsoft Internet Explorer:
  1. Select Tools Internet Options.
  2. Select the General tab.
  3. Under "Browsing History," uncheck the checkbox for Delete browsing history on exit.
  4. Select OK to close the "Internet Options" window.
  5. Close and restart your browser.
Mozilla Firefox:
  1. Choose the menu option for your computer:
    • PC: Select Tools Options.
    • Mac: Select Firefox Preferences.
  2. Select Privacy.
  3. Under "History":
    • If it is set to "Use custom settings for history," uncheck the checkbox for Clear history when Firefox closes.
  4. Select OK.
  5. Close and restart your browser.
Safari:
Note: Currently, Safari does not support clearing your history when you exit. You can check if there are extensions installed that might be automatically clearing cookies.
To check Safari for extensions that might be automatically clearing cookies:
  1. Choose the menu option for your computer:
    • Mac: Select Safari (Safari Gear Icon gear icon in newer versions) | Preferences.
    • PC: Select Edit or Tools (Safari Gear Icon gear icon in newer versions) | Preferences.
  2. Select the Extensions tab.
    • The currently installed extensions will display.
    • For assistance with the extensions, please contact the developer for the extension.
  3. Close the "Preferences" window.
  4. Close and restart your browser.
Google Chrome:
  1. Select Tools (Google Chrome Wrench Icon wrench icon) | Settings.
  2. Click Show advance settings.
  3. In "Privacy," select Content settings
  4. In "Cookies," verify that the checkbox is unchecked for Clear cookies and other site and plug-in data when I close my browser.
  5. When you are done, close the Options - Under the Hood tab by selecting the X that displays on the tab.
  6. Close and restart your browser.

How to ensure JavaScript is enabled


Resolution
JavaScript is a simple programming language that's essential to any modern Internet site. Without JavaScript enabled, some Yahoo! features may not perform as designed. To fix this, make sure that you have JavaScript enabled. Here's how:
To enable JavaScript:
Internet Explorer 7, 8, and 9
  1. Click Tools | Internet Options.
  2. Select the Security tab.
  3. Pick the Internet icon (first one).
  4. Click the Custom Level button.
  5. Look for the "Scripting" section (almost at the bottom) from the "Settings" list.
  6. Choose the Enable radio button from the "Active scripting" item.
  7. Click OK to close the Security Settings - "Internet Zone" dialog box.
  8. Be sure that the Security level is set to Medium or below.
  9. Click the OK button to close the "Internet Options" dialog box.
  10. Restart IE.
Firefox (versions 3 and above)
  1. Click Tools on the menu bar.
  2. Select Options.
  3. Click the Content tab.
  4. Check the Enable JavaScript checkbox.
  5. Click the OK button.
Safari (Version 4 and above)
  1. Click Settings Safari Gear Icon | Preferences.
  2. Click Security.
  3. Make sure the options "Enable Java" and "Enable Javascript" are checked.
  4. Close the window, so that the settings will be saved automatically.
Google Chrome
WINDOWS
  1. Click the  icon on the browser toolbar.
  2. Select Settings.
  3. At the bottom of the page, click Show advanced settings…
  4. Under "Privacy" section, click on Content settings… button.
  5. Under the heading JavaScript, select the Allow all sites to run JavaScript (recommended) radio button.
  6. Click Done.
MAC
  1. Select the Chrome menu item from the Apple/System bar at the top of the screen.
  2. Select Preferences...
  3. On the left, select Settings.
  4. At the bottom of the page, click Show advanced settings…
  5. Under Privacy, Click on Content settings… button.
  6. Under the JavaScript heading, select the Allow all sites to run JavaScript radio button.
  7. Click Done.
If JavaScript is enabled in your browser settings and you're still experiencing issues, please check all of the following possible causes of the error:
  • Browser add-ons or extensions that block pop-ups and/or JavaScript
  • Security software such as Norton or McAfee
  • Other third-party Web-assistance applications such as toolbars or firewall packages that block pop-ups